• operators
  • tips
• Positional notation
  • to Binary
  • to Octal
  • to Decimal
  • to Hexadecimal
• The Big Book of Small Python Projects

operators

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• A Byte of Python - Operators and Expressions

# single number (XOR) - find the numbers that appear an odd number of times in the list
>>> result = 0
>>> list(result := result ^ num for num in [2, 3, 4, 3, 4])
>>> result
2

# encryption and decryption (XOR) - any two of the three numbers xor together to give the third
>>> 10 ^ 3
9
>> 9 ^ 3
10
>>> 10 ^ 9
3

tips

# `var = var operation expression` is equivalent to `var operation= expression`
a += 1      # == `a = a + 1`
a -= 1      # == `a = a - 1`
a *= 2      # == `a = a * 2`

# var operation var operation var == ( var operation var ) and ( var operation var ) and ( ... )
1 < x < 10         # == `(1 < x) and (x < 10)`
5 in [5] is True   # == `(5 in [5]) and ([5] is True)` - result is False

Positional notation

to Binary

• octal to binary

  >>> bin( int('0o10', 8) )
  '0b1000'
  >>> bin( int('0o17', 8) )
  '0b1111'
  

• decimal to binary

  >>> bin(2)
  '0b10'
  >>> bin(10)
  '0b1010'
  
  # or
  >>> format( 3, 'b' )
  '11'
  >>> format( 15, 'b' )
  '1111'
  

• hexadecimal to binary

  >>> bin( int('a', 16) )
  '0b1010'
  >>> bin( int('f', 16) )
  '0b1111'
  

to Octal

• binary to octal

  >>> oct( int(str(111), 2) )
  '0o7'
  >>> oct( int(str(1000), 2) )
  '0o10'
  

• decimal to octal

  >>> oct(8)
  '0o10'
  
  # or
  >>> format( 15, 'o' )
  '17'
  >>> format( 8, 'o' )
  '10'
  

• hexadecimal to octal

  >>> oct( 0xf )
  '0o17'
  

to Decimal

• binary to decimal

  >>> int( str(11), 2 )
  3
  >>> int( str(1010), 2 )
  10
  

• octal to decimal

  >>> 0o10
  8
  >>> int( 0o10 )
  8
  >>> int ( str(10), 8 )
  8
  

• hexadecimal to decimal

  >>> int( 0xf )
  15
  

to Hexadecimal

• binary to hexadecimal

  >>> hex( int(str(1010), 2) )
  '0xa'
  >>> hex( int(str(1111), 2) )
  '0xf'
  

• octal to hexadecimal

  >>> hex(0o10)
  '0x8'
  >>> hex( int('0o17', 8 ))
  '0xf'
  

• decimal to hexadecimal

  >>> hex(15)
  '0xf'
  >>> hex(66)
  '0x42'
  
  # or
  >>> format( 15, 'x' )
  'f'
  
  # or - https://stackoverflow.com/a/10218221/2940319
  >>> '%x' % 15
  'f'
  

The Big Book of Small Python Projects

[!NOTE|label:references:]

• The Big Book of Small Python Projects
• THE BIG BOOK OF SMALL PYTHON PROJECTS.pdf
• nihathalici/The-Big-Book-of-Small-Python-Projects